This article refers to the charged-coupled devices or CCDs which is an essential part in a digital camera. Attention to its discussion would greatly benefit the interested reader.
Charge-coupled devices (CCDs), like microprocessor and memory integrated circuits, are fabricated on silicon wafers in a series of elaborate steps using photolithography to define and build various functional […]

This article refers to two important devices in optical microscopy, but more of the discussions center around the complementary metal oxide semiconductor image sensors or CMOS, its history and development.

This article is a continuation of digitization of images from the microscope into the video camera. Why should microscopists (or any other scientist) care about or use computer-based image processing and measurement? There are several reasons; a few are: to assist the human viewer in observing or communicating information in images; to minimize human bias […]

In studying about microscopes, it is imperative for the student to have a thorough knowledge about the terms used, like compound light microscope. How these words came about? The term compound refers to the microscope having more than one lens, whereas simple microscope like the one used by Leeuwenhoek had only one lens. The term […]